The Palestinian group Hamas has launched a surprise attack from Gaza into Israel, in one of the most serious escalations in the Israel-Palestinian conflict in years.
- Hamas, or the Islamic Resistance Movement, was founded in 1987 during the first Palestinian Intifada, or uprising. It is backed by Shia Iran and shares the Islamist ideology of the Muslim Brotherhood, which was established in Egypt in the 1920s.
- The Hamas takeover of Gaza followed its win in Palestinian parliamentary elections in 2006 – the last time they were held.Since then, there have been numerous rounds of conflict with Israel, often involving Hamas rocket attacks from Gaza into Israel and Israeli airstrikes and bombardment of Gaza. - Hamas has an armed wing called the Izz el-Deen al-Qassam Brigades, which has sent gunmen and suicide bombers into Israel. Hamas characterises its armed activities as resistance against Israeli occupation.
- It is designated as a terrorist organisation by Israel, the United States, European Union, Canada, Egypt and Japan.
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